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UPSC7 min read

COP31 Climate Summit in Antalya

31st Conference of the PartiesThe 31st Conference of the Parties (COP31) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) convened in Antalya, Türkiye (November 9–20, 2026), featuring a unique co-leadership model hosted by Türkiye under COP31 President Murat Kurum while negotiations are presided over by Australia (Minister Chris Bowen). UPSC Syllabus Mapping: * General Studies Paper III (Environment & Conservation): Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation,...

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UPSC7 min read

Severe PM2.5 Air Pollution Across India During Deepavali

Air Pollution Across IndiaAn empirical assessment of data from all 634 Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) operated by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) revealed that nearly 70% of reporting stations across India recorded peak PM2.5 readings in the ‘severe’ category (250 micrograms per cubic metre or above) during the Deepavali festival window. UPSC Syllabus Mapping: * General Studies Paper III (Environment & Conservation): Conservation, environmental...

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